SEMANTiCS 2019 Keynote Speaker Valentina Presutti coordinates the Semantic Technology Laboratory of the National Research Council (CNR) in Rome. She received her Ph.D in Computer Science in 2006 at University of Bologna (Italy). She has coordinated, and worked as researcher in, many national and european projects on behalf of CNR and she co-directs the International Semantic Web Research Summer School (ISWS). Valentina serves in the editorial board of top journals such as Journal of Web Semantics, Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, Data Intelligence Journal, Intelligenza Artificiale. She's been involved in many research projects.

The first blackboard system was the Hearsay-II speech-understanding system (Erman et al. 1980), which evolved between 1971 and 1976. Subsequently, many systems have been built that have similar system organization and run-time behavior. The objectives of this document (a part of a retrospective monograph on the AGE Project currently in preparation) are (1) to define what is meant by blackboard systems and (2) to show the richness and diversity of blackboard system designs. In Part 1 we discussed the underlying concept behind all blackboard systems -- the blackboard model of problem solving. In order to bridge the gap between the model and working systems, we introduced and discussed the blackboard framework. We also traced the history of ideas and designs of some application systems that helped shape the blackboard model. In Part 2, we describe and contrast existing blackboard systems. Blackboard systems can generally be divided into two categories: application systems and skeletal systems. In application systems, the blackboard system components are integrated into the domain knowledge required to solve the problem at hand.